Design-Build
Project-based professional services where design authority, owner approval, and multi-discipline coordination determine delivery.
Inside this journey
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Customer Discovery
Clarify the hard schedule drivers, decision roles, budget constraints, program requirements, and non‑negotiable success signals (e.g., must‑go‑live date, funding expiry).
Discovery Questions
Setting the Stage — A Short Project Snapshot
- In one sentence, describe the project and the business outcome you must hit (e.g., 'Line X expansion to add 2 shifts by Oct 1').
- What is your role on this project and who on your team will own the delivery schedule?
- What type of facility is this? Select all that apply and add specifics below.
- Rough order of magnitude: what schedule window are we working with from now until required operational date?
- Who else on your team should be present for discovery conversations (names/roles/email) and why?
If the Clock Ran Out Tomorrow — Why the Date Truly Matters
- If the go‑live or funding date slips, what specifically happens to operations, revenue, compliance, or funding—what's the worst realistic outcome?
- Which of these is the primary schedule driver for this project?
- How flexible is that primary driver—could it move weeks, months, or not at all?
- When you imagine the schedule slipping by a month, what are the tangible costs or risks (dollars, lost shifts, contractual penalties, reputational impact)?
- Have you previously set an immovable date and had the project miss it? If so, what factors caused the miss and how long did recovery take?
Who's Holding the Keys — Decision Power, Gates, and Politics
- Who will make the final contract award or sign the GMP, and who must buy in before they do?
- Walk me through the approval path: how many formal signoffs are required and typically how long does each take?
- Are there procurement rules (RFP, RFQ, sole source, competitive threshold) that constrain how you can engage a design-build partner?
- Who holds the project budget authority day-to-day versus who holds strategic approval—and how do they typically view risk?
- Thinking about past projects, is there a single person or group that tends to delay decisions? What usually causes the pause?
Where Money and Risk Meet — Budget, GMP Expectations & Transparency
- Tell me your target budget range or a budget anchor—how precise is that figure today?
- Which of these best describes your ideal pricing outcome?
- How important is line‑item transparency in the GMP (ability to audit contingencies, allowances, and vendor pricing)?
- What would alarm you about a proposed GMP or contingency—examples: large hidden 'owner's contingency', vague allowances, or limited change‑order governance?
- In the event of cost increases post‑GMP, which approach would you prefer?
Program Truths — The Things You Cannot Compromise
- What are the absolute, non‑negotiable program requirements (e.g., capacity, uptime % target, redundancy, environmental controls, safety standards)?
- Which design elements are sacred—things where preserving design intent is more important than saving schedule or cost?
- Are there regulatory, permitting, or third‑party certifications tied to the schedule (e.g., environmental approvals, FDA/CSA/UL) that could become gating items?
- What quantitative acceptance criteria will you use at turnover (e.g., production throughput, system commissioning metrics, energy performance)? Please list primary KPIs.
- If a design decision improved constructability but reduced a non‑critical aesthetic or feature, how would you weigh that tradeoff?
Past Battles — What’s Scarred and What You Learned
- Think of a past project that caused the most stress—what happened and who bore the brunt of the consequences?
- How did change orders, contingency burn, or late design changes affect trust between your team and the contractor or design partner?
- Which recurring issues do you still worry about—e.g., hidden contingencies, late vendor deliveries, conflict between architect and contractor?
- When things went wrong in the past, what communication or governance step would have prevented the escalation?
- How long did the recovery take after that project and what internal changes (if any) did you make to avoid a repeat?
If It Worked Perfectly — Your Ideal Delivery Experience
- If you could redesign the delivery model to guarantee the deadline and protect design quality, what are the three non-negotiable elements it must include?
- How important is having a single point of accountability (one contract, one schedule owner) versus maximizing competitive pricing?
- Would you be open to a design‑build approach that sets GMP earlier (at schematic) if we can demonstrate transparent costing and maintain architectural quality?
- What acceptance and handover criteria would make you confident to release payments tied to schedule milestones?
- Imagine this project is a case study—what outcome would make you comfortable recommending the delivery team to peers?
What Needs to Happen Next — Alignment, Info, and Timing
- What are the immediate decisions or documents we need from you to prepare a credible early GMP (e.g., program brief, site constraints, preliminary MEP standards)?
- Who must be in the next meeting to make meaningful progress (name, role, availability window)?
- On a scale from 1–5, how ready is your organization to move forward quickly if the right single‑source team is available?
- What concerns or objections do you anticipate from stakeholders if we propose setting GMP at schematic design?
- If we were to prepare a short, transparent early GMP briefing for your team, when would you want it delivered and who should review it?
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Solution Experience
Use the customer’s deadline and program to show how integrated design‑build compresses schedule, establishes GMP early, and preserves design intent while reducing change‑order risk.
Experience Meetings
- Current State & Impact Assessment
- Integrated Schedule & Early‑GMP Roadmap
- Design Intent Preservation & Change‑Order Risk Workshop
- Live Scenario Walkthrough (Customer‑Specific)
- Mutual Commit & Next Steps Alignment
- Identify any assumptions that require revision and capture them as follow-up actions.
- Non‑Negotiable Design Elements
- Agree on a documented set of design acceptance criteria and non‑negotiables the team will protect throughout delivery.
- Align on transparent contingency reporting and change‑order governance that the owner can audit.
- Demonstrate past proof points that link the proposed approach to fewer change orders and preserved intent.
- Draft a short 'Design Quality & Change Governance' charter for signature that defines acceptance criteria, contingency reporting cadence, and change order workflow.
- Owner to provide up to three project examples of past design priorities or failures to ensure alignment on design intent language.
- Contractor to attach comparables and data from case studies referenced in the meeting to the charter.
- Recap Preconditions
- Demonstrate a concrete pathway (schedule + GMP timing + governance) that meets the customer's deadline and program needs.
- Obtain explicit validation from the customer that the modeled future state resolves the top consequences identified earlier.
- Introductions & Meeting Objectives
- Produce a personalized Scenario Report (schedule, GMP timing, cost sensitivity, and risk register) and circulate within 48 hours.
- Customer to confirm or correct assumptions in the Scenario Report and return annotated comments within 5 business days.
- If validated, agree on a target date to set schematic GMP and schedule a schematic‑end review meeting.
- Recap Validated Future State
- Obtain a mutual commitment to the next formal step (LOI, preconstruction engagement, or schematic authorization) and a date for schematic‑GMP decision.
- Assign clear owners and due dates for required deliverables and approval actions.
- Ensure legal/commercial alignment on the high‑level GMP mechanics before schematic work begins.
- Prepare and circulate a Next‑Steps Packet (accelerated schedule, scenario report, governance charter, and draft LOI) within 72 hours.
- Customer to confirm signoff authority and internal approval timeline for schematic GMP within 5 business days.
- Schedule schematic‑end review meeting and reserve tentative dates for site mobilization based on the accelerated schedule.
- Produce an agreed one-sentence Current State that the entire team can reference.
- Create explicit, quantified consequences (time/cost/risk) tied to the customer's deadline.
- Confirm decision roles and a primary schedule owner for the program.
- Owner to deliver or confirm missing data points (funding expiry dates, required occupancy date, current permit status).
- Contractor to draft the one-sentence Current State and Consequence Summary and circulate for sign-off.
- Schedule a follow-up meeting to review inputs if any data gaps remain.
- Recap Current State & Deadline
- Agree on a compressed project milestone map that demonstrates meeting the customer's deadline.
- Secure alignment on establishing GMP early (target schematic end) and defined mechanics for how that GMP will be produced and audited.
- Identify the decision points and data needed to hit each milestone on the compressed timeline.
- Contractor to produce a tailored accelerated master schedule showing critical path and proposed GMP decision date.
- Customer to confirm immovable milestones, blackout dates, and any internal approval lead times to be incorporated into the schedule.
- Joint team to identify long‑lead items for early procurement and assign owners for procurement decisions.
- Scenario Inputs & Assumptions
- Integrated Design‑Construct Feedback Loop
- Accelerated Delivery Model Overview
- One‑Sentence Current State
- Required Approvals & Decision Calendar
- Live Timeline & GMP Simulation
- Consequence Quantification
- Contingency & GMP Transparency
- Tailored Milestone Map
- Commercial & Contract Form Outline
- Case Study Proof Points
- Risk Removal Demonstrations
- Immediate Next Steps & Deliverables
- GMP Timing & Mechanism
- Stakeholder Roles & Decision Owner
- Validation & Agreement
- Risk Tradeoffs & Decision Points
- Customer Validation & Calibration
- Closing Validation and Signoff Intent
- Validation: Acceptance Criteria Walkthrough
- Validation Check
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Solution Scope
Define program scope, design responsibility, deliverable milestones, scope boundaries, and the timing/methodology for setting the GMP (schematic vs. DD).
Scope Configuration
- Schematic Design Documents with Constructability Notes
- Design Development Drawings with MEP Coordination
- Structural Design and Shop Drawings Delivery
- Permit Submission and Agency Approvals
- Site Mobilization and Temporary Utilities Installation
- Demolition, Clearing, and Site Preparation
- Earthwork, Grading, and Foundation Construction
- Structural Steel Fabrication and Erection
- Building Envelope Installation (roof, cladding, windows)
- MEP Rough-In, Conduit, Ductwork, and Piping
- Critical Power Systems Installation (UPS, generators, switchgear)
- Interior Fit-Out and Equipment Integration
- Fire Protection and Life‑Safety System Installation
- Commissioning, Functional Testing, and Systems Startup
- As-Built Drawings and O&M Manual Handover
Scope Questions
Schematic Design Documents with Constructability Notes
- Do you require schematic design deliverables as part of the contract scope?
- Who will provide the initial program/space and adjacency requirements for the schematic?
- What level of schematic detail do you expect (select the best match)?
- Should constructability comments be embedded on schematic drawings or provided as a separate preconstruction report?
- List any physical constraints, long‑lead equipment or vendor constraints, or user requirements that must be reflected in schematic constructability notes.
Design Development Drawings with MEP Coordination
- Do you want Design Development (DD) drawings and formal MEP coordination to be included in the scope?
- What extent of MEP coordination is required at DD (choose closest):
- Who will retain primary responsibility for MEP design decisions and approvals?
- What BIM or drawing deliverable standard do you require for MEP coordination (if any)?
- Please list any critical MEP systems, clearances, or client performance requirements that DD must address (e.g., clean rooms, process piping, critical HVAC redundancy).
Structural Design and Shop Drawings Delivery
- Should structural design and the delivery of shop/fabrication drawings be part of the scope?
- Who will provide structural calculations and code compliance packages for permit?
- What level of shop drawing detail is required for structural elements?
- Are there prequalified fabricators, proprietary systems, or vendor standards that must be followed?
- Describe any unusual structural conditions that must be addressed (heavy process loads, seismic/bridge connections, existing structure tie‑ins).
Permit Submission and Agency Approvals
- Do you require the design-builder to prepare and submit permit packages and manage agency approvals?
- Which authorities or permits are anticipated for this project?
- Are there critical permit timing constraints or external funding/fiscal deadlines tied to permit issuance?
- Should the design-builder handle public hearing or variance applications if required?
- Provide any known permit conditions, historical issues with local agencies, or agency contact constraints that will affect submission strategy.
Site Mobilization and Temporary Utilities Installation
- Do you want site mobilization and temporary utilities included in the contract scope?
- Which temporary utilities will be required at mobilization?
- Are there site access, staging, or traffic constraints that will impact mobilization (e.g., single access road, occupied campus, limited hours)?
- Will mobilization require coordination with ongoing operations or tenant activity?
- Provide the target mobilization/milestone date and describe any preferred staging or laydown areas.
Demolition, Clearing, and Site Preparation
- Is demolition and site clearing included in the requested scope?
- Are hazardous materials (asbestos, lead paint, contaminated soils) known or suspected on site?
- What is the anticipated extent of demolition (building square footage/structures, utility removals, pavement)?
- Do you require specific disposal, recycling, or salvage handling for demo materials?
- List any environmental or neighbor constraints (protected trees, wetlands, noise curfews, haul route restrictions) that affect site prep.
Earthwork, Grading, and Foundation Construction
- Should earthwork, grading and foundations be scoped into the contract?
- Is a geotechnical report available and are there known soil constraints?
- What type of foundation system is expected or preferred?
- Will dewatering or groundwater control be required during earthwork?
- Specify any precision tolerance or isolated heavy‑equipment foundation requirements (e.g., vibration isolation, machine pads).
Structural Steel Fabrication and Erection
- Is structural steel fabrication and on‑site erection to be included in scope?
- Will you require contractor‑led shop drawings and fabrication coordination with the mill/fabricator?
- Are there site constraints affecting erection (crane availability, restricted access, night work limitations)?
- What is the acceptable steel fabrication lead time or any required expedited delivery windows?
- Please note any specialized steel elements (mezzanines, high bays, heavy crane beams) or connection details that affect scope.
Building Envelope Installation (roof, cladding, windows)
- Do you want envelope work (roofing, cladding, windows) included in the contract?
- What performance expectations drive the envelope scope (thermal, weatherproofing, acoustics, blast/security)?
- Which roofing and cladding systems are preferred or required?
- Are there known existing envelope issues or warranty claims that must be addressed during installation?
- Provide any interface conditions, penetration schedules, or critical weather windows that the envelope scope must accommodate.
MEP Rough-In, Conduit, Ductwork, and Piping
- Should MEP rough‑in (electrical conduit, ductwork, piping) be included in the base scope?
- Is existing utility capacity sufficient for the new MEP loads or will upgrades be required?
- Will prefabricated/modular MEP assemblies be used to accelerate schedule?
- Are there coordination constraints with structure, equipment, or other trades that require pre‑fabrication or special sequencing?
- List specialized or process piping and priority systems (e.g., clean steam, compressed air, process cooling) that must be addressed during rough‑in.
Critical Power Systems Installation (UPS, generators, switchgear)
- Is installation of critical power systems (UPS, generators, switchgear) required?
- What target redundancy or uptime requirement should the critical power system meet?
- Which fuel or power source is expected for backup generation?
- Do you require load bank testing, ATS testing, and full critical power commissioning included?
- Please specify required run time, transient/load transfer criteria, critical load list, and any site fuel storage constraints.
Interior Fit-Out and Equipment Integration
- Do you require interior fit‑out (partitions, finishes, millwork) and equipment integration as part of scope?
- Will equipment be owner‑furnished or contractor‑supplied (indicate approximate split)?
- What finish quality level is required for occupied spaces?
- Are there specialty installations (data center racks, process equipment, clean rooms) that require pre‑coordination?
- Provide a concise list of rooms/equipment to be integrated and any installation tolerances, sequenced deliveries, or vendor installation responsibilities.
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Mutual Commit
Finalize contract form, GMP mechanics, contingency transparency, change‑order governance, acceptance criteria, and milestone payments tied to schedule outcomes.
Agreement Modules
- Design-Build Agreement (GMP Contract)
- Statement of Work (SOW)
- GMP Mechanics & Open-Book Pricing Protocol
- Contingency Transparency & Allocation
- Change Order Governance & Pricing Method
- Acceptance, Commissioning & Performance Criteria
- Milestone Payment Schedule & Schedule-Based Retainage
- Bonds, Insurance & Financial Security
- Subcontractor/Subconsultant Approval & Flow-Downs
- Liquidated Damages, Remedies & Schedule Protections
- Dispute Resolution, Termination & Escalation Path
- Contract Execution & Signature Package
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Deployment
Coordinate preconstruction, overlapping design & construction sequencing, procurement, site mobilization, and a single point of accountability for schedule and quality issues.
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Success
Verify acceptance criteria, commission systems, close out documents/warranty, and capture lessons while maintaining a shared channel for issues and enhancements.
Success Reviews
- Acceptance & Handover Verification
- Systems Commissioning & Performance Confirmation
- Closeout Documentation, Warranties & Regulatory Compliance
- Lessons Learned & Continuous Improvement Workshop
- Post‑Occupancy Support & Issues Channel Kickoff
Issues & Enhancements
- Draft and circulate the lessons learned report and proposed improvement backlog within 7 business days.
- Welcome & Objectives
- Ensure operators are trained and have O&M documentation to operate systems safely and efficiently.
- Establish ownership and timeline for corrective actions and final commissioning sign‑off.
- Deliver final commissioning report with FPT evidence and a remediation schedule within 5 business days.
- Schedule any required retests and operator refresher training within agreed dates.
- Provide inventory list of spares and technical contact information to owner's facilities team.
- Closeout Deliverables Checklist
- Owner confirms receipt and accessibility of all required closeout documents and models.
- Warranty coverage and claim process are clear, with documented start dates.
- Regulatory compliance items and certificates are verified and any outstanding items are tracked.
- Upload final as‑builts, O&M manuals, and commissioning reports to the agreed repository and confirm access.
- Provide a parsed warranty register with start dates and claim contacts to owner's facilities lead.
- Resolve or document any outstanding regulatory items and assign owners with deadlines.
- Agree on a review cadence to monitor implementation of improvements.
- Recap Project Objectives & Constraints
- Produce a documented lessons learned report with root causes and proposed remedies.
- Create a prioritized improvement backlog with clear owners and target dates.
- Enter prioritized enhancement items into CustomerNode with assigned owners and due dates.
- Schedule a 90‑day review meeting to assess progress on implemented improvements.
- Introduce Shared Support Channel
- Operational shared channel is active with appropriate stakeholders invited and permissions set.
- SLAs, triage rules, and escalation paths are agreed and documented.
- Post‑occupancy inspection dates and KPI reporting cadence are scheduled.
- Create the CustomerNode support channel, invite owner and contractor stakeholders, and publish channel guidelines.
- Publish the SLA document and escalation matrix in the channel and confirm recipient acknowledgements.
- Schedule 30/90/180‑day inspections and set up KPI dashboard access for owner stakeholders.
- Mutual agreement that contractual acceptance criteria have been met or a remediation plan is in place.
- Clear, dated owners for all remaining punch list items and evidence required for final sign‑off.
- Decision on final payment triggers and official warranty start dates.
- Produce and deliver an acceptance evidence pack (test reports, photos, certs) to owner within 3 business days.
- Assign and close remaining punch list items with owners and due dates within 10 business days.
- Notify finance to prepare final invoice and process retainage release upon documented acceptance.
- Commissioning Summary
- Confirm systems meet contractual performance metrics or document clear remediation and retest plan.
- Functional Performance Test (FPT) Results
- Issue Triage & SLA Definitions
- Review Acceptance Criteria & Success Signals
- As‑Built Drawings & BIM/Model Handover
- What Went Well (Strengths)
- O&M Manuals, Software Credentials & Maintenance Schedules
- Punch List & Outstanding Items
- Warranty Claims Process & Escalation Matrix
- Deficiency Log & Remediation Plan
- Challenges & Root‑Cause Analysis
- Improvement Opportunities & Solutions
- Operator Training & O&M Handover
- Evidence & Test Result Review
- Scheduled Check‑Ins & Inspections
- Warranty Register & Start Dates
- Reporting & KPI Dashboard
- Regulatory Permits & Certificates
- Prioritization & Assignment
- Financial & Contractual Close Triggers
- Spares, Critical Consumables & Contacts
- Document Repository Access & Retention
- Agree Follow‑up Review Plan
- Immediate Next Actions
- Commissioning Sign‑off
- Sign‑off & Next Steps